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IDENTITY MANAGEMENT
Identity management (ID management) is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity. In an IT network, identity management software is used to automate administrative tasks, such as resetting user passwords and facilitating user authentication. A simple password may not be sufficient to maintain the integrity of the security system. The system often requires stronger authentication, such as a one-time pass code, biometrics, or a smart card.
What is Biometrics?
Biometrics can be defined as automated methods of identifying or authenticating the identity of a living person on the basis of a fingerprint, hand, iris, face, signature, voice, or keystroke.
The biometric system started out as an identification system that authenticated a person’s identity on the basis of fingerprints. Its application was primarily in law enforcement. Today biometrics is also used to verify a person’s identity and secure his or her access in an identity management system while maintaining system flexibility and effectiveness. In the near future, biometrics will be used in passports, national ID cards, and government applications. Biometrics is becoming part of our daily life.
What is a Smart Card?
A smart card is a credit card-sized plastic card with an embedded secure and powerful computer chip. The smart card’s chip communication connection is available as a direct physical contact—for example, between a computer, a point of sale terminal, or a mobile telephone—or as a remote contactless electromagnetic interface.Areas of smart card implementation include SIM cards (for mobile phones), credit cards, loyalty cards (reward cards), smart ID cards, and e-passports.
What is OTP?
A one-time password (OTP) reduces the potential for compromised user credentials. Every session initiated by a user generates a unique user credential that is only valid for that session or for a very short time period.
OTP tokens come in three primary varieties:
1) Tokens that display a time-based password that is updated once a minute.
2) Tokens that accept a challenge code as input and display the response code.
3) Tokens that generate a password based on some internally measured event.
- International Biometric Industry Association, IBIA
– International Biometric Advisory Board for the European Biometrics Forum
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